Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated central nervous system disorder where the body mistakenly targets the protective myelin sheath around nerve fibers. This autoimmune response leaves the nerves vulnerable, disrupting communication between the brain and the body. Traditional treatments for MS aim to manage symptoms and slow down the progression of the disease, but recent advancements in medical science have paved the way for a revolutionary approach – stem cell therapy.
Causes of Multiple Sclerosis
The exact cause of MS is not fully understood, but it is likely influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Below is a list of probable causes:
- Immune system dysfunction
- Family history
- Viral infections
- Smoking
- Geographical location – MS is more common in regions farther from the equator. This indicates a potential link with environmental factors such as vitamin D levels, sunlight exposure, or diet.
Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis
The symptoms of MS vary widely among individuals and may change over time. They can impact different parts of the body and may include a combination of:
- Fatigue – It impacts daily activities and quality of life.
- Optic Neuritis – This is the inflammation of the optic nerve, and can cause blurred or double vision, eye pain, and color distortion.
- Paresthesia – This is essentially tingling, numbness, or a sensation of pins and needles that typically occurs in the face, arms, or legs.
- Muscle Weakness – This is a classic symptom of MS.
- Impaired Coordination – Weakness in the limbs and muscles can lead to difficulty with coordination. This may affect walking and other motor tasks.
- Muscle Stiffness – Spasticity, or muscle stiffness, can occur, making movement difficult.
- Incontinence – Another classic symptom of MS, it is characterized by bladder and bowel control problems, causing urgency, frequency, or incontinence.
- Impaired Memory and Concentration: Individuals with MS can experience cognitive changes, including memory problems, difficulty concentrating, and mood swings.
- Dysarthria and Dysphagia – Weakness or lack of coordination in the muscles used for speech may result in slurred or difficult-to-understand speech, and swallowing difficulties.
- Worsening of Symptoms: Exposure to specific symptoms, such as hot weather or hot baths, can worsen MS symptoms. This is a temporary phase.
- Depression and Anxiety: The impact of the disease on daily life has been associated with emotional changes, including depression and anxiety.
The Four Forms of MS
Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS): The most common type, marked by unpredictable symptom relapses followed by partial or complete recovery.
Secondary-Progressive MS (SPMS): Develops from RRMS, featuring steady disease progression with or without relapses.
Primary-Progressive MS (PPMS): Symptoms gradually worsen from the disease’s onset without relapses or remissions.
Progressive-Relapsing MS (PRMS): A rare form where the disease progresses with worsening symptoms and acute lapses but no remissions.
While MS can strike at any age, individuals between 20 and 50 are more commonly affected. Although there is no cure for MS, recent advancements in treatment, particularly stem cell therapy, have sparked hope for recovery.
Stem Cell Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis in India
At Plexus, India’s first ISO-certified stem cell research center, we have had patients from around the world seeking innovative, advanced, and state-of-the-art treatment options. Our centers in Bangalore and Hyderabad are renowned for their cutting-edge medical research and treatments, as well as a team of compassionate doctors and clinicians headed by Dr Na’eem Sadiq, world-acclaimed stem cell specialist and neurologist.
Stem cell therapy represents a paradigm shift in the approach to managing multiple sclerosis. The idea is to use the regenerative potential of stem cells to repair damaged tissues and modulate the immune system, addressing the root cause of the autoimmune response.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Multiple Sclerosis
Traditional treatments like interferon, copaxone, and immunosuppressants reduce disease severity by blocking immune responses. However, they do not reverse nervous system tissue damage.
The administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has shown great results in the treatment of MS. The immunomodulatory, tissue-protective and repair-promoting properties of MSCs make stem cell therapy a great alternative to traditional prescription-based treatment for autoimmune diseases like MS. A form of regenerative treatment, stem cell therapy has brought about a significant reduction in inflammation, and has helped regulate the immune system.
MSCs have the ability to differentiate into various cell types, including bone, cartilage, and fat cells. This helps in rebuilding the immune system, and eliminates the autoreactive immune cells responsible for attacking the body’s own tissues.
Stem Cell Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis at Plexus
At Plexus, our customized regenerative medicine program for multiple sclerosis provides relief from symptoms, slows down disease progression, and improves quality of life.
MSCs are undifferentiated progenitor cells with the ability to transform into various cell types. This particular characteristic of MSCs is especially useful for treating multiple sclerosis, as injected stem cells can transform into cells that make up the immune system. Below are the features of MSCs that aid in managing MS:
- MSCs secrete anti-inflammatory molecules that can potentially reduce inflammation in the affected tissues. This can help mitigate the destructive impact of autoimmune responses.
- MSCs can modulate the immune system by suppressing the activity of hyperactive immune cells and promoting regulatory T-cell function. They have the ability to create a more balanced and controlled immune response.
- MSCs can repair or regenerate damaged tissues, and contribute to the repair of myelin and nerve fibers, potentially slowing down (and even reverse in some cases) some of the neurological damage associated with the disease.
Clinical trials worldwide have shown positive results, with significant improvements in disability levels among MS patients. When combined with occupational therapy and physiotherapy, stem cell therapy demonstrates dramatic results, enhancing the overall quality of life for those with MS. The integration of stem cell therapy into MS treatment approaches heralds a new era of hope and potential recovery.
To know more about stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis and our MS rehabilitation, reach out to Team Plexus today.
WhatsApp +91 89048 42087
Call +91 78159 64668 (Hyderabad) | +91 82299 99888 (Bangalore)
FAQs
What is the best treatment for MS?
A multidisciplinary approach comprising stem cell therapy, physical therapy, occupational therapy, symptom management, and lifestyle adjustments can go a long way in addressing unique needs and progression of MS.
Is MS curable if caught early?
MS is not curable, but early intervention with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) can help manage symptoms, stop the development of new lesions, slow disease progression, and improve long-term outcomes.
Can you live a normal life with MS?
Of course! With a multidisciplinary approach that includes proper medical care, therapeutic interventions, emotional support, and lifestyle adjustments, you can find joy and purpose. Additionally, adapting to challenges, embracing a positive mindset, and seeking support can immensely contribute towards a fulfilling life despite your MS diagnosis.
What foods should be avoided with MS?
It is advisable to limit the intake of processed foods, saturated fats, and potential allergens like gluten or dairy.
What is end stage MS like?
End-stage MS comes with severe physical limitations. Some people experience complete disability, immobility, and difficulties with daily tasks. Advanced symptoms, such as respiratory issues and complications, have been known to impact overall quality of life. At such times, palliative care can provide comfort, symptomatic relief and management, as well as support for the individual and their caregivers.
