Epilepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that results from surges in electrical signals inside the brain, causing recurring seizures or convulsions. It occurs when permanent changes in the brain tissue make it overly excitable, leading to unpredictable seizures. Epilepsy encompasses a broad spectrum of symptoms, causes, and treatment options.
This blog explores the various facets of epilepsy, including its symptoms, types, causes, and treatment approaches in India.
What Causes Epilepsy?
Epilepsy can arise from various underlying causes and risk factors, including:
Family history — Genetic mutations or inherited conditions can increase risk.
Brain injuries — Stroke, trauma, infections (e.g., meningitis), tumors, or developmental abnormalities.
Neurological disorders — Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral palsy.
Infections of the CNS — HIV/AIDS, toxoplasmosis, and other brain infections.
Developmental disorders — Autism, intellectual disabilities, and birth-related injuries.
Causes also differ by age:
- In adults, common causes include stroke, head trauma, infections, and degenerative diseases.
- In children, epilepsy may be linked to birth injuries, genetic factors, febrile seizures, and developmental delays.
Symptoms of Epilepsy You Should Know
Epilepsy symptoms vary by seizure type. Most individuals have the same type of seizure during each episode.
Common symptoms include:
- Stiff muscles
- Staring spells
- Jerking movements (fits/convulsions)
- Temporary confusion
- Loss of awareness or consciousness
- Psychological signs like fear, anxiety, or deja vu
Different Types of Seizures in Epilepsy
Generalized Epilepsy — Involves widespread brain activity. May cause convulsions, absence seizures, and loss of consciousness.
Focal (Partial) Epilepsy — Originates in specific brain regions. Symptoms may include twitching, unusual sensations, or altered awareness.
Combined Epilepsy — Features of both focal and generalized seizures, with unknown onset.
Epileptic Spasms — Brief, symmetric muscle contractions seen mostly in infants and young children. May involve developmental delays.
How Epilepsy Is Diagnosed and Monitored
Timely diagnosis is key to effective treatment. At Plexus, the diagnostic process includes:
- EEG (Electroencephalography) to monitor electrical activity
- MRI scans for structural abnormalities
- PET scans to observe brain function
Early diagnosis allows for targeted treatment and better outcomes.
Effective Treatments for Managing Epilepsy
Treatment at Plexus is customized to your age, health, seizure type, and medical history. We offer:
Medications — Anti-epileptic drugs are the primary line of treatment. Most patients respond well with the right prescription.
Therapies for Children — Support therapies address coexisting developmental delays, behavioral issues, and learning difficulties.
Surgical Options — In drug-resistant cases, surgery or devices like vagus nerve stimulators may be considered.
Cell Therapy — A promising option for patients unresponsive to conventional treatment. We use mesenchymal cells (MSCs) to reduce seizures and improve brain function.
Comprehensive Epilepsy Care at Plexus
Our approach:
- Reduces reliance on long-term medication
- Improves daily function and quality of life
- Lowers emergency risks and hospital visits
- Increases the possibility of returning to school or work
With a multidisciplinary team, cutting-edge therapies, and holistic support, Plexus provides one of the most advanced epilepsy management programs in India.
Reach out to Plexus Neuro Centre to learn more.
📞 WhatsApp +91 89048 42087
📍 Hyderabad: +91 78159 64668 | 📍 Bangalore: +91 82299 99888
FAQ
What are the 4 types of epilepsy?
The four main types of epilepsy are: Generalized epilepsy, Focal (partial) epilepsy, Combined epilepsy (generalized and focal epilepsy with unknown onset), and Epileptic spasms.
Can a person with epilepsy live a normal life?
Timely diagnosis, along with proper treatment and management can help people with epilepsy lead normal lives. Seizure control and managing medication side effects are key.
Can epilepsy be cured?
Epilepsy can be managed with appropriate medication, therapeutic interventions, and proper seizure control. Some people may outgrow it.
What vitamin is good for seizures?
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) has been shown to help reduce seizures. Good sources include poultry, fish, bananas, nuts, and whole grains.
What are the warning signs of epilepsy?
Warning signs may include seizures, convulsions, staring spells, confusion, unusual sensations or movements, and memory lapses.
Is epilepsy the same as having seizures?
Not always. While seizures are a key symptom of epilepsy, not everyone who experiences a seizure has epilepsy. Epilepsy involves recurrent, unprovoked seizures.
Is it safe to exercise or drive with epilepsy?
It depends on the individual. Light exercise is usually safe, and driving may be allowed after a seizure-free period, as per medical advice.
What makes Plexus unique in treating epilepsy?
Plexus offers customized treatment plans, advanced diagnostics, expert-led therapies, and innovative approaches like cell therapy—all under one roof.
